Case study

The plight of the rightless: mapping and understanding statelessness in Lebanon

Informing policy-making and identifying practical solutions to statelessness in Lebanon

6 Dec 2024

Challenge

Statelessness in Lebanon is understudied and poorly understood. To better inform policy-making and identify practical solutions to the issue, ​Siren is studying the causes, consequences and extent of statelessness across Lebanon. Siren has so far conducted studies in Tripoli (2019), Akkar (2021) and Beirut and Mount Lebanon (2023), identifying 11,556 people living without ​nationality.

Over three waves of surveys, we have:

  • Surveyed >3,000 stateless households

  • Conducted 154 semi structured interviews with mukhtars

  • Held 46 interviews with key stakeholders

  • Organised a focus group discussion with 12 stateless ​individuals to inform survey design

Background

Lebanon’s ability to formally issue demographic data and records is hindered by the fact that they only official census ever undertaken was ​conducted in 1932. The only documentation available today of a demographic nature are voters’ lists, which only cover those above 21 years ​of age, the constitutional voting age in Lebanon.

Political and sectarian factors also hinder the production of demographic databases, the development of state-led policies supporting early ​registration, and the updating of Lebanon’s nationality law, which bars Lebanese women from passing citizenship onto their children.

These combined factors have generated an unmapped marginalised community, who are denied access to nationality, live in Lebanon with ​limited access to their basic rights, and are thus unable to fulfil their essential right to self-determination.

Statelessness at a glance in Lebanon

The way forward

Practical, technical solutions are needed to depoliticise the issue of statelessness in Lebanon. Several initiatives can be taken to tackle the ​root causes through awareness, transparency, efficient processes, and diligent follow up. Siren has prepared more than 30 detailed short, ​medium and long-term recommendations for state, civil society and international stakeholders interested in tackling statelessness in ​Lebanon.